Researcher(s)
- Nicholas Scanzera, Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware
Faculty Mentor(s)
- Alvin Su, Orthopedics, Nemours Children's Hospital
- Dawn Elliott, Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware
Abstract
The menisci are semi-lunar shaped fibrocartilaginous wedges essential for converting compressive loads into tensile forces. When the meniscus is torn or removed, this load transfer mechanism is disrupted, compromising the biomechanical function of the knee. Meniscus Allograft Transplantation (MAT) has shown promise in restoring this function, though its full biomechanical impact is not well known. This study investigated meniscal deformation before and after a segmental allograft implantation to better understand knee joint biomechanics under physiological loading conditions. A human cadaveric knee was positioned at 0°, 30°, and 50° of flexion under both high (50% Bodyweight) and low (10% Bodyweight) compressive loads and scanned using MRI to quantify meniscus displacement between loading conditions. After imaging, a segmental meniscal allograft procedure was conducted, involving the removal and replacement of a portion of meniscus to simulate the procedure. We quantified meniscus deformation at various knee joint angles in the coronal and axial planes. This work establishes a method for real-time quantification of meniscal mechanics during load-bearing scenarios. These findings may aid in improving surgical decision-making and guiding post-operative rehabilitation strategies. The next step in this research is translating the process to clinical patients, which could provide a scientific foundation for long-term knee joint preservation.